Oil-testing machine.



P. WENDT. OIL TESTINGMAGHINE. APPLIUATION FILED APRA, 1911.

1i 044,317, Patented 1\1mf.'12,1912.`

2 SHEETS-BHBET 1.

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P. WENDT. OIL TESTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED APB. 1, 1911.

Patented Nov.12,1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2a To all whomz'tmay concern:

PAUL WENDT, oF

HAMBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR 'TC COMPANY OELWERKE-STERN- SONNEBORNAKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, 0E HAMBURG, GERMANY.

OIL-TESTING MACHINE.

noemen.

yBe it known that I, PAUL WENDT, a cit-izen of the free town of Lbeck,and resident of No. 4 Hinter den Hoefen, in the free town of Hamburg,German Empire, have invented a new and useful Oil-Testing Machine, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for testing oils and consistent fatsas to their lubricating properties, of the type in which the friction ofthe oil or fat between a ro'- tatable driven member and a loose membercauses the latter tov rotate with the driven member.

The object of the present invention is to enable the apparatus to beused for testing during `oscillatory rotation of the friction members aswell as during the here-to-fore usual continuous rotary motion.

ln order that the invention may be clearly understood reference is made.to the accompanying drawings, whereon is shown the preferred method ofcarrying out the invention.

Figure 1 is a side view of the oil testing machine, part being shown insection, Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a detail plan viewof the driving gear, Fig. 4 is a detail view showing the gear foroscillating the lower friction member, Fig. 5 is a detail view whichwill be hereinafter fully referred to.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of the draw-` ings, the machine comprises twofriction members 1 and 2.hav1ng annular surfaces 'between which`lubricating oil or fat is fed in any suitable manner, the frictionmember 2 being mounted upon a vertical spindle 3 which can be driven bymeans of bevel gearing 4 from a spindle 6 upon which is mounted arope-pulley 5 driven from any suitable source of power, the spindle 3being thus caused to continuously rotate. Means however are providedwhereby the spindle 3 can be caused to oscillate and for this purpose arope-pulley 7 see Figs. 2 and 4, driven from a suitable. source of power-reciprocates a cross-head 9 in a slide-block 10 through a connectingrod 8, the cross-head 9 being articulated to a lever 11 which is securedon the spindle 3.I se that during the continuous rotation of therope-pulley 7 the spindle 3 is given an oscillatory movement over apredetermined angle. The friction members 1 and 2 are surrounded by aclosed, divided Specification of Letters Patent. l

the casing order that the pressure on Patented N0v.12,.v1912.

Application filed April 1, 19.11. Serial No. 618,267;

casing 12 provided with steam-inlet and outlet connections 121 and 122respectively. The upper friction member 1 is mounted upon a vertical rod13 which, as shown in` Fig. 5, passes through a suitable gland on 12.The rod 13 is formed with an enlarged part 14 forming a piston and in.bot-h sides of the piston may be equal, a steam pipe 15 con nects theinterior of the casing 12 with a small annular chamber above the piston14.

The rod 13 is loaded by means of a lever 16 fulcrumed at one end withina post 17 and loaded at the other end by means of a variable load 18which on the drawings is' shown as comprising a spring balance.Surrounding the casing 12 is a jacket 19 and means are provided forcooling the lower friction member 2 if desired; for this purpose a pipe20-leads to the interior of the casing 12 and an overtlow pipe 21 isprovided. The pipe 20 can also be used as a run-olf pipe for condensedsteam. A Bunsen burner `200 enables the casing 12 to be heated to vanydesired temperature.

The testing machine is also provided with a spiral spring thermometer22, the thermometer tube 23 leading therefrom through the rod 13 to thespace between the friction members 1 and 2, so that by vthis means thetemperature at the point of friction can be determined. The rod 13 isconnected by means of a lever 24 with a style or pencil 25 working overa recording arrangement 26. Connected to the lever 24v is a spring 27which is tensioned by the movement of the lever. A pawl 28 iscarried bythe lever 24.l

this pawl engaging.' an arcuate ratchettoothed rack 280, whereby areturn movel ment of the lever 24 is prevented, until released/by thedisengagement of the pawl 28 from the 'rack 280.

The thermometer 22 is connected with a style or pencil carried by alever 30 by means of a connecting rod 29, the style or pencil on 'thelever 30 working over a recording device 31. The recording stripsl ofthe arrangements 26-31 are moved simultaneously and uniformly bymechanism actuating the mechanism for driving the test-- ing means but,if desired, both recordsmay be made on one broad recording strip.

The recording strip is fedy fromv a roller 32 and passes over guiderolls 33, y34 and 35V to the winding-up roller 36. The roller 36v isdriven by worm and worm-wheel gearing n from a spindle62 having a gearWheel 63 ing-up roller 36 is continuously rotated in one direction, solong as the spindle 3 is continuously rotated from the rope-pulley 5.If, however, the spindle 3 is given an oscillatorv movement from therope-pulley 7, the spindle 37 is shifted so that the worm-wheel 38 isout of engagement with the worm 39, while a worm-wheel 40 on the spindle37 comes into engagement with a worm 41 on the driving spindle of therope-pulley 7. For this purpose the spindle 37 is adjustably mounted inbearing 42, 43.

The method of operation of the fore-going arrangement is as follows:lVhen the ropepulley 5 is put in gear with the spindle 3, the testing ofthe lubricating oil between the friction members 1 and 2 undercontinuous rotation of the member 2 can take place. Owing to frictionthe friction member l is caused to rotate with the member 2 more or lessand through the lever 24 mounted on the rod 30 of thefriction member 1,against the action of the spring 27, the recording instrument 26describes a curve upon the corresponding recording strip. The uppermember 1 will be rotated more or less with the member 2 according tothe` nature of the lubricating oil or fat under test.

If the spindle 37 is shifted in the manner hereinbefore described, so asto throw the rope-pulley 5 out of gear and put the ropepulley 7 in gearwith the spindle 3, an oscillato-ry movement is given to the frictionmember 2 and the properties of the lubricating oil or the like can thusbe tested under oscillatory movement, the upper member 1 being rotatedmore or less according to the frictlon between the members 1 and 2 andreturn movement of the member 1 being prevented by means of the pawl 28engaging the rack 280. By this means the oil can be tested according tothe requirements of practice both during continuous rotation andoscillatory movement, while at the same time no alteration is requiredin the testing members 1 and 2. The load is effected bv means of avariable load on the rod 13, so

that thereby the oil can be tested under different loads withoutalterations being required in the friction members and Without thepossibility of axial or transverse movements of the rod 13, the latterhaving only a'rotary movement, so thatran eflicient joint l between therod 13 vand the casing`12 is maintained. The oil or fat may not only betested under mechanical load, but also, if desired under the pressure ofsteam or the like which may be inclosed in the interior of the casing 12or caused to pass through .ing through the b'ox.

the same. Tests may also be carried'out while the lower member is cooledwhich can be effected by admitting cold water to the interior of thecasing 12 by way of the tube' 20, the water running olf by way of theoverflow pipe 21, this being `of importance if the tests are to becarried out at a constant temperature.

By the means hereinbefore described, it is not only possible toascertain the friction and durability of the oil or the like underdifferent conditions, but at the same time the heat generated or theincrease in temperature can be determined, which is a veryy importanttest in estimating the value of the lubricant and this can be carriedout uni formly with the recording of the mechanical properties of thelubricant, as the recording strips are traversed uniformly andsimultaneously. Furthermore by the improved apparatus the temperaturecan be determined at the point where friction actually takes place. Thusit will be seen that the amo-unt of friction, the durability and thcheat generated or the increase in temperature can be continuously andautomatically recorded on a common recording strip.

Fig. 2 also shows an apparatus for test-ing oils or fats in contact withsteam, the oil being supplied to a pan 44 inclosed in a container 45 towhich steam is admitted by way of a pipe 50, the mixture of oil andsteam passing out through a tube 46 and control valve 47 into a box 4Swithin which it is sprayed onto a recording strip 49 pass- It is howeverto be understood that this testing apparatus forms no part of thepresent invention.

I claim:

1. In a machine for testing oil and fat, a driven friction member, aloosely mounted friction member, said members having juxtaposed surfacesseparated by the material under test and said driven member transmittingmotion to said loose member, driving means for giving a rotary motion tosaid driven member, and driving means for alternatively giving anoscillatory motion to said driven member.

2. In a machine for testing oil and fat, a driven friet-ion member, aloosely mounted friction member, said members having juxtaposed surfacesseparated by the material under test, a spindle carrying said drivenmember, driving gear for transmitting rotary motion to said spindle anddriven member, an arm fixed upon and projecting from said spindle, andindependent driving gear for oscillating said arm so as to oscillate thedriven member.

3. In a machine for testing oil and fat, a driven friction member, aloosely mounted friction member, said members having juxtaposed surfacesseparated by the material under test and said driven member translitt 'cording on said strip and means for resisting means for giving a rotarymotion to said driven member, driving means for alternatively giving anoscillatory motion to said driven member, a recording strip, recordingmeans actuated by said loose member` for reing the motion of the saidrecording means.

4. In a machine for testing oil and fat, a driven friction member, aloosely mounted friction member, said members having juX- taposedsurfaces separated by the material under ytest and said driven membertransmitting motion to said loose member, driving means for giving arotary motion to saiddriven member, driving means for alternativelygiving an oscillatory motion to said driven member, a continuousrecordingvstrip, recording means actuated by said loose mem ber forrecording on said strip, means for re-v sisting the motion of saidrecording means, a take-up roll for said strip and means fortransmitting continuous rotationv to said; roll by one or other of saiddriving means.

5. In a machine for testing friction member, said members havingjuxtaposed surfaces separated by the material under test, a spindlecarrying said driven member, driving gear for transmitting rotary motionto said spindle and driven member, an arm fixed upon and projecting fromsaid spindle, independent driving gear for oscillating said arm so as tooscillate the driven member, a continuous recording strip, recordingmeans actuated by said loose member` for recording on said strip, atake-up roll for said strip, means for resisting the motion of saidrecording means and a spindle adapted to drive said take-up roll andadapted to be put into gearwith one or other of said driving gears bysliding said spindle. j

6. In a machine for testing oil and fat, a driven friction member, aloosely mounted friction member, said members having juxtaposed surfacesseparated by the material under test and said driven member transmittingmotion to said loose member, driving means for giving a rotary motion tosaid driven member, driving means for alternatively giving anoscillatory motion rto said driven member, means for applying aAvariable load to said loosely mounted member, a recording strip,recording means actuated by said loose member for recording on said-'oil and fat, a driven friction member, a loosely mounted the spacebetween tary' motion to said -driven member, driving means foralternatively giving an oscillatory motion to said driven member, alever fulload to the f 'reeI end of said lever;

8. In amachine friction member, Vsaid membershaving juxtaposed surfacesseparated 'by the material under test and said driven membertransmittingl motion to said loose member, driving means for giving arotary motion to said driven member, driving means for alternativelygiving an oscillatory motion to said driven member, and a thermometer,-the tube of said thermometer leading to the space between the juxtaposedsurfaces of said members.

Y 9. In a machine for testing oil and fat, a driven friction member, aloosely mounted friction member, said members having juxtaposed surfacesseparated by the material under test and said driven member transmittingmotion to said `loose member, drivingv means for giving a rotary motionto said'driven member, driving means for alternatively giving anoscillatory motion to said driven member, a recording sti-ip, recordingmeans actuated by said loose member for recording its motions on saidstrip, means for resisting the motion of said recording means, n

a thermometer the tube offwhich leads to the juxtaposedv surfaces ofsaid member and arecording device convcrumed at one end and'bearing atapoint in its length on' the spindlefof said loose` member', and meansfor applying a variable l for testingjoil and fat', 'a i driven frictionmember, a loosely mounted trolledby said thermometer and adapted torecord on said recording strip.

10. In a machine for testing oil and fat, a driven friction member, aloosely mounted friction member,"said members having juxtaposed surfacesseparated by the material under testand vsaid driven member transmittingmotion to said looseVv member, driv-` in means for givlng airotarymotion to said driven member, driving means for` alternatively giving anoscillatory motionto said drivenmember, a recording strip, recordingmeans actuated by said loose member forrecording its motions on saidstrip, means for resistingthe motion of said recording means, athermometer the tubeof which leads to the space between the juxtaposedsurfaces of said member,-a second recording strip and a recording deviceactuated by'said thermometer and adapted to record on said secondrecording strip. i

l1. In ajmachine for testing oil and fat, a driven friction member, aloosely mounted friction member, said membeshaving juxtaposed surfacesseparated by the material under test and said driven memberstransmitting motion to said loose member, driving means for giving'arotary motion tosaid driven member, driving means for alternaloosemember for recording its motion on said continuous strip, means forresisting the motion of said recording means, a ther- .mometer the tubeof which leads to the space between the juxtaposed surfaces of saidmember, a recording device controlled by said thermometer and adapted torecord on said recordingstrip, a take-up roll for said continuous strip,and means for transmitting continuous rotary motion to said take-up rollby one or other of said driving means.

l2. In a machine for testing oil and fat, a driven friction member, aloosely mounted friction member, said members having juxtaposed surfacesseparated by the materialjj.,i'1nder test and said driven member,transmitting mot-ion to said loose member, driving means for giving arotary motion to said driven member, driving means for alternativelygiving an oscillatory motion to said driven member, a continuousrecording strip, recording means actuated by said loose member forrecording its motions on said continuous strip, means for resisting themotion of said recording means, a thermometer the tube of which leads tothe space between the juxtaposed surfaces of said member, a secondcontinuous recording strip, a recording device :1ctuated by thethermometer and adapted to record on said second continuous recordingstrip, a take-up roll for said continuous strips, and means fortransmitting continuous rotary motion tosaid take-up roll by one orother of said driving means, so as to traverse said continuous stripsuniformly and simultaneously.

In wit-ness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

PAUL WENDT.

Witnesses.

ERNST SCHUBERT, HUGO RHEINGANS.

